Fiber

Optical fiber is a waveguide medium thattransmits light energy and consists of a concentric cylindrical structure witha core and a cladding. The core and cladding are made of transparent mediummaterials with refractive indices of n1 and n2. n1 > n2 is necessary to forman optical fiber, and the use of optical fibers for light transmission allowsfor more flexible and modular optical measurement systems. Optical fibers aremanufactured from a variety of materials such as plastic, glass and silicondioxide (SiO2). High quality optical fibers used in spectroscopy are made fromsynthetic fused silica (amorphous silicon oxide) and the optical properties ofthe glass are artificially adjusted by adding trace elements.